Intrinsically safe devices

Explosive environments, such as petrochemical applications, require intrinsically safe physical layers. Usually no single device is intrinsically safe in itself but only in a correctly designed intrinsically safe system. The CiA 103 specification describes a framework to implement compatible CAN physical interfaces that feature intrinsically safe communication based on 3,3-V transceiver chips that are compliant to ISO 11898-2/5.