Automotive devices

Electronic control units (ECU) for passenger cars, trucks, and buses are very often OEM-specific. They follow OEM specifications regarding the bit-timing and other physical-layer parameters, and also regarding the higher-layer protocols. In trucks and buses, most of the OEMs use J1939-based specifications. Some of them comply to the SAE J1939-71 application profile. In passenger cars, most of the in-vehicle networks use proprietary higher-layer protocols and profiles. An exception is the CAN-based diagnostics interface to the scanner tools, which normally comply to the related ISO standards.
The CiA 447 CANopen application profile specifies interfaces for add-on devices used in special-purpose cars. This includes devices for police cars (e.g. in the roof bar and digital radio) for taxi/cabs (e.g. taximeter) and devices for handicapped drivers.